Bakhchisaray Бахчисарай Bağçasaray
The Khan's Palace
Coat of arms
Bakhchisaray Location of Bakhchisaray within the Crimea, Ukraine
Coordinates: 44°45′10″N 33°51′39″E / 44.75278°N 33.86083°E / 44.75278; 33.86083Coordinates: 44°45′10″N 33°51′39″E / 44.75278°N 33.86083°E / 44.75278; 33.86083
Country	Ukraine
Territory	Crimea
Region	Bakhchisaray raion
Elevation	300 m (984 ft)
Population
- Total	33,800
Time zone	EET (UTC+2)
- Summer (DST)	EEST (UTC+3)
Postal code	98400 — 98408
Area code(s)	+380-6554

Bakhchisaray (Ukrainian: Бахчисарай, Russian: Бахчисарай, Crimean Tatar: Bağçasaray, Turkish: Bahçesaray) is a town in Central Crimea, centre of the Bakhchisaray raion (district), best known as the former capital of the Crimean Khanate. Its main landmark is Hansaray, the only extant palace of the Crimean Khans, currently opened to tourists as a museum.

History

Located in a narrow valley of the Çürük Suv river which is known as an old local center of civilization (the first artifacts of human presence in the valley date up to the Mesolithic). The settlement was known in Roman times as Moxos, after the 8th century as Mokks or Moks, and after the 18th century as Mukus. The settlements which existed in the valley before Bakhchisaray was founded - Qırq Yer fortress (modern Çufut Qale), Salaçıq, and Eski Yurt—are nowadays incorporated into the urban area of the modern Bakhchisaray.

Bakhchisaray, first mentioned 1502, was established as the new khan's residence by the Crimean Khan Sahib I Giray in 1532. Since then, it was the capital of the Crimean Khanate and the center of political and cultural life of the Crimean Tatar people. After several wars with Russia from 1737 when Burkhard Christoph von Münnich burnt down the capital of Khanate and occupation of the Crimean Khanate by the Russian Empire in 1783, it was turned into an ordinary town, having lost administrative significance. However, it remained the cultural center of the Crimean Tatars until the Sürgün (deportation on 18 May 1944).

Name and associations

There are various ways to spell the town's name: original Crimean Tatar: Bağçasaray, Turkish: Bahçesaray, Russian: Бахчисарай - Bakhchisaray, and Ukrainian: Бахчисарай - Bakhchysaray. The name comes from Persian باغچه‌ سرای (UniPers bâqce sarây) and means the Garden Palace.

The town is best known among Russian speakers for its Romantic associations with Alexander Pushkin's poem The Fountain of Bakhchisaray (1822). Adam Mickiewicz dedicated some of the finest poems in his Crimean Sonnets (1825) to the landmarks of Bakhchisaray.

An asteroid 3242 Bakhchisaraj discovered by Soviet astronomer Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh in 1979 is named after the town.

Area Attractions

Famous attractions within or near Bakhchisaray are:

• Eski Yurt
• Chufut-Kale
• Khan's Palace
• Tahtali-Jami Mosque
• Uspensky Cave Monastery

See also

• Bakhchisaray Palace

Administrative divisions of Crimea, Ukraine Capital: Simferopol Raions Bakhchisaray · Bilohirsk · Chornomorske · Dzhankoy · Kirovske · Krasnohvardiyske · Krasnoperekopsk · Lenine · Nizhnyohirskiy · Pervomayskiy · Rozdolne · Saky · Simferopol · Sovetskyi City municipalities Alushta · Armiansk · Dzhankoy · Feodosiya · Kerch · Krasnoperekopsk · Saky · Simferopol · Sudak · Yalta · Yevpatoria Cities and towns1 Alupka · Alushta · Armiansk · Bakhchisaray · Bilohirsk · Chornomorske · Haspra · Gurzuf · Dzhankoi · Feodosiya · Foros · Kerch · Koktebel · Koreiz · Kirovske · Krasnohvardiyske · Krasnoperekopsk · Lenine · Livadiya · Massandra · Mykolaivka · Nyzhnohirskyi · Nikita · Novyi Svit · Partenit · Pervomaiske · Perekop · Rozdolne · Saky · Scholkine · Simeiz  · Simferopol · Sovetskyi · Staryi Krym · Sudak · Yalta · Yevpatoria 1 Towns and other localities under jurisdiction of the City of Sevastopol (divisions) are not included.