Sjenica
Sjenica
| Sjenica Сјеница |
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| — Municipality and Town — | |||
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| Coordinates: 43°16′N 20°00′E / 43.267°N 20°E | |||
| Country | Serbia | ||
| District | Zlatibor | ||
| Settlements | 101 | ||
| Government | |||
| - Mayor | Muriz Turkovic | ||
| Area | |||
| - Municipality | 1,059 km2 (408.9 sq mi) | ||
| Population (2002 census) | |||
| - Town | 15 655 | ||
| - Municipality | 34 500 | ||
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | ||
| - Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | ||
| Postal code | 36310 | ||
| Area code | +381 20 | ||
| Car plates | SJ | ||
Sjenica (Serbian Cyrillic: Сјеница; pronounced [sjɛ̌nitsa]), is a town and municipality in Zlatibor District of Serbia, in the traditional region of Sandžak.
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History
It's an old town firstly mentioned in 1253 as a place where many merchants rested and paid taxes while going to Dubrovnik.[clarification needed] Voivode Stefan Vasoje, the son of King Stefan Konstantin (r. 1321-1322), received Sjenica as an appanage by Emperor Dušan the Mighty. In the years of Ottoman Empire reign, the town was used as a fortified site. On a nearby hill the Ottomans built a fortress which was demolished later. Next to the fortress, there was a merchants' quarter and some wooden residence houses. Because of its strategical, political and military significance in 19th century, Sjenica was considered as a high priority spot and therefore many military campaigns during the First Serbian Uprising were led its way. Soon afterwards, a new turmoil came to the region with resistance movement against Sultan Mahmud II's reforms.
During World War II the SS und Polizei Selbschutz Regiment or Kampfgruppe Krempler of SS Standartenführer and SS-und Polizeiführer Karl von Krempler was stationed here.
Demographics
1991 census
In 1991, the population of the municipality of Sjenica was composed of:
- Muslims by nationality (76.11%)
- Serbs and Montenegrins (22.63%)
- Others.
2002 census
In 2002, the population of the municipality was composed of:
- Bosniaks (73.34%)
- Serbs (23.50%)
- Muslims by nationality (2.36%)
- Others.
Note: Most of those who in 1991 census declared themselves as Muslims by nationality, in the next census in 2002 part declared themselves as Bosniaks, while some of them still declared themselves as a Muslims by nationality.
Twin cities
Nakskov, Denmark
Geography and Climate
Sjenica is located at an altitude of 1038 meters above sea level, making it one of highest towns of such size in the Balkans. Temperatures fall below freezing on average 134 days per year, with the first freeze in late September and the last in early May.
| Climate data for Sjenica, Serbia | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 12 (54) |
13 (55) |
20 (68) |
23 (73) |
26 (79) |
29 (84) |
33 (91) |
31 (88) |
30 (86) |
25 (77) |
19 (66) |
16 (61) |
33 (91) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 0 (32) |
1 (34) |
5 (41) |
10 (50) |
15 (59) |
17 (63) |
21 (70) |
21 (70) |
18 (64) |
13 (55) |
6 (43) |
0 (32) |
11 (52) |
| Average low °C (°F) | -7 (19) |
-6 (21) |
-2 (28) |
2 (36) |
6 (43) |
8 (46) |
10 (50) |
10 (50) |
7 (45) |
3 (37) |
-1 (30) |
-6 (21) |
2 (36) |
| Record low °C (°F) | -35 (-31) |
-29 (-20) |
-19 (-2) |
-10 (14) |
-3 (27) |
0 (32) |
2 (36) |
2 (36) |
-3 (27) |
-10 (14) |
-17 (1) |
-25 (-13) |
-35 (-31) |
| Avg. precipitation days | 15 | 17 | 17 | 16 | 15 | 13 | 8 | 8 | 10 | 11 | 16 | 16 | 162 |
| Source: http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=96331&refer=&units=metric | |||||||||||||
See also
- Sjenica Airport
- ^ "Municipalities of Serbia, 2006". Statistical Office of Serbia. http://webrzs.stat.gov.rs/axd/en/Zip/OG2006webE.zip. Retrieved 2010-11-28.
- ^ (in Serbian) Popis stanovništva, domaćinstava i Stanova 2002. Knjiga 1: Nacionalna ili etnička pripadnost po naseljima. Statistical Office of Serbia. 2003. ISBN 86-84443-00-09. May be downloaded from: [1]
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