Murom
Murom
| Murom (English) Муром (Russian) |
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| - City - | |
 Location of Vladimir Oblast in Russia |
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 Murom
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| Coordinates: 55°34′N 42°02′E / 55.567°N 42.033°ECoordinates: 55°34′N 42°02′E / 55.567°N 42.033°E | |
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| Administrative status | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Vladimir Oblast |
| Municipal status | |
| Urban okrug | Murom Urban Okrug |
| Head | Yevgeny Rychkov |
| Statistics | |
| Area | 43.78 km2 (16.90 sq mi) |
| Population (2010 Census, preliminary) |
116,078 inhabitants |
| - Rank in 2010 | 140th |
| Population (2002 Census) | 126,901 inhabitants |
| - Rank in 2002 | 130th |
| Density | 2,651 /km2 (6,870 /sq mi) |
| Time zone | MSD (UTC+04:00) |
| Founded | 862 |
| Postal code(s) | 602250 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 49234 |
| Official website | |
Murom (Russian: Му́ром; Old Norse: Moramar) is a historic city in Vladimir Oblast, Russia, which sprawls along the left bank of Oka River. Population: 116,078 (2010 Census preliminary results); 126,901 (2002 Census); 124,229 (1989 Census).
History
In the 9th century CE, the city marked the easternmost settlement of the Eastern Slavs in the land of Finno-Ugric people called Muromians. The Russian Primary Chronicle mentions it as early as 862. It is thus one of the oldest cities in Russia. Circa 900 CE, it was an important trading post from Volga Bulgaria to the Baltic Sea.
Between 1010 and 1393, it was a capital of a separate principality, whose rulers included Saint Gleb, assassinated in 1015 and canonized in 1071, Saint Prince Konstantin the Blessed, and Saints Peter and Theuronia, subjects of an opera by Rimsky-Korsakov. It was the home town of the most celebrated East Slavic epic hero, Ilya Muromets. The town has a statue which shows Ilya holding the hilt of his sword in the left hand and a cross in the right.
Among other famous natives are the father of colour photography, Sergey Prokudin-Gorskiy (1863), and the father of television, Vladimir Zworykin (1889).
On June 30, 1961, Murom was the site of a spontaneous protest and riot against the police and Soviet authorities, following the death in police custody of a senior factory foreman named Kostikov.
Sights
Murom still retains many marks of antiquity. The Savior monastery, one of the most ancient in Russia, was first chronicled in 1096, when Oleg of Chernigov besieged it and killed Vladimir Monomakh's son Izyaslav, who is buried there. In 1552, the monastery was visited by Ivan the Terrible who commissioned a stone cathedral, which was followed by other churches.
The Trinity convent, where the relics of Sts. Peter and Theuronia are displayed, features a fine cathedral (1642–43), Kazan church (1652), a bell-tower (1652), a wooden church of St Sergius, and stone walls. It is rivaled by the Annunciation Monastery, founded in the reign of Ivan the Terrible to house the relics of local princes and containing a cathedral from 1664. Two last-mentioned cathedrals, being probably the works of the same masters, have much in common with the Resurrection Church (1658) in the downtown. Quite different is the tent-like church of Sts. Cosmas and Damian, built in 1565 on the bank of the Oka to commemorate the Russian conquest of Kazan.
- ^ Official website of Murom Urban Okrug. Yevgeny Rychkov, Head of the Urban Okrug (Russian)
- ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2011). "Предварительные итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года (Preliminary results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2010). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis-2010.ru/results_of_the_census/results-inform.php. Retrieved 2011-04-25.
- ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls. Retrieved 2010-03-23.
- ^ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
- ^ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. (All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers.)" (in Russian). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. 1989. http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg.php. Retrieved 2010-03-23.
- ^ Mass uprisings in the USSR: protest and rebellion in the post-Stalin years, Vladimir A. Kozlov, Elaine McClarnand MacKinnon [1]
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