Lipetsk
Lipetsk
| Lipetsk (English) Липецк (Russian) |
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| - City - | |
 Lipetsk |
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 Location of Lipetsk Oblast in Russia |
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 Lipetsk
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| Coordinates: 52°37′N 39°36′E / 52.617°N 39.6°ECoordinates: 52°37′N 39°36′E / 52.617°N 39.6°E | |
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| City Day | July 15 |
| Administrative status | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Lipetsk Oblast |
| Administrative center of | Lipetsk Oblast |
| Municipal status | |
| Urban okrug | Lipetsk Urban Okrug |
| Head | Mikhail Gulevsky |
| Representative body | Council of Deputies |
| Statistics | |
| Area | 318 km2 (123 sq mi) |
| Population (2010 Census, preliminary) |
508,124 inhabitants |
| - Rank in 2010 | 36th |
| Population (2002 Census) | 506,134 inhabitants |
| - Rank in 2002 | 32nd |
| Density | 1,598 /km2 (4,140 /sq mi) |
| Time zone | MSD (UTC+04:00) |
| Founded | July 15, 1703 |
| Postal code(s) | 398000 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 4742 |
| Official website | |
Lipetsk (Russian: Ли́пецк) is a city and the administrative center of Lipetsk Oblast, Russia, located on the banks of the Voronezh River in the Don basin, 438 kilometers (272 mi) southeast of Moscow.
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History
1918–1919 - Squadron of Ilya Muromets air ships
1923–1924 - High pilot school
1924–1929 - 1-st squadron named after V.I.Lenin
1925–1933 - German aviation school
1929–1933 - Special 38-th squadron
Lipetsk was first mentioned in the 13th century chronicles. The name means "Linden city" and is cognate with Leipzig and Liepāja. In 1284, the city was destroyed by the Mongols.
In 1703, Peter the Great ordered construction of a cast iron factory in Lipetsk near the iron ore deposits for making artillery shells.
On September 16, 1779, Lipetsk was granted town status. It became one of the principal towns of Tambov Governorate.
In 1879, Lipetsk hosted a congress of members of Zemlya i volya.
The principal industries of Lipetsk include ferrous metallurgy, machinery, metalworking, machine tools, engines, chemicals, food, and clothing.
Lipetsk is one of the oldest mud bath and balneological resorts in Russia (first opened in 1805). Peat mud and chalybeate hydrocarbonate calcic springs are used to treat patients. Sulphate and chloride sodium water is used for therapeutic baths and drinking. Lipetsk is also the birth place of Andrei Gheorghe (Russian: Андрей Георге), one of Romania's best and most controversial[needs attribution] radio and television figure.
Lipetsk is the home of the Lipetsk State Technical University, Lipetsk Teacher's Training College, and some other colleges.
At the Lipetsk Air Base air base north of the town, the 4th Center of Combat Application and Conversion of Frontline Aviation named after Valery Chkalov is situated in Lipetsk.
The Lipetsk Air Center has long and glorious history. Its chief, colonel Kharchevski has become famous after trial air combats in the USA and being a personal pilot of President Putin.
The city is also served by the smaller Lipetsk Airport airport.
Economy
The former steel combinate has been privatized in 1992 and Novolipetsk Steel (NLMK) with approximately 48,000 employees and an 64% export ratio (2005) is one of the largest employers in the region. In 2008, the company made a revenue of $11.7 billion. Other industry are another metallurgical plant "Svobodny Sokol" ("Free Falcon"), a tractor factory LTZ, solvent-extraction plant Liboil (largest rapeseed oil producer in Central Federal District and the second in Russia), pipe factory, a factory for refrigerators and household appliances, an ice factory, lathe factory, chemical factories, etc. Industry is mainly located south of Voronezh River.
Demographics
| Year | 1926 | 1939 | 1956 | 1962 | 1967 | 1970 | 1973 | 1976 | 1979 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pop. | 21,000 | 67,000 | 123,000 | 194,000 | 253,000 | 289,000 | 327,000 | 361,000 | 396,000 | |
| Year | 1982 | 1986 | 1989* | 1992 | 1996 | 2000 | 2002* | 2007 | 2010* | |
| Pop. | 423,000 | 434,000 | 449,635 | 463,000 | 476,000 | 521,000 | 506,114 | 502,600 | 508,124 | |
* Census
International relations
Twin towns/sister cities
Lipetsk is twinned with:
| Country | City | Start |
|---|---|---|
 Germany |
Cottbus | 1974 |
 China |
Anshan | 1992 |
 Italy |
Fabriano | 2003 |
 Ukraine |
Vinnytsia |
- ^ Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2011). "Предварительные итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года (Preliminary results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2010). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis-2010.ru/results_of_the_census/results-inform.php. Retrieved 2011-04-25.
- ^ Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls. Retrieved 2010-03-23.
- ^ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
- ^ http://bibliotekar.ru/encMir/70.htm
- ^ Novolipetsk Steel posts $480 net loss for Oct.-Dec. 2008
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