Soroca
Soroca
| Soroca | |
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 Soroca
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| Coordinates: 48°10′N 28°18′E / 48.167°N 28.3°ECoordinates: 48°10′N 28°18′E / 48.167°N 28.3°E | |
| Country |  Moldova |
| County | Soroca |
| Government | |
| - Mayor | Victor Său |
| Elevation | 45 m (148 ft) |
| Population (January 2011) | |
| - Total | 37,400 |
| Postal code | MD-3001 |
| Area code(s) | +373 230 |
| Website | Primăria Soroca |
Soroca (Russian: Сороки Soroki, Ukrainian: Сороки Soroky, Polish: Soroki, Yiddish: סאָראָקע Soroke) is a Moldovan city situated on the Nistru (Dniester) river about 160 km north of Chişinău. It is the administrative center of Soroca District.
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History
The city has its origin in the medieval Genoese trade post of Olchionia, or Alchona. It is known for its well-preserved stronghold, established by the Moldavian Prince Stephen the Great (Ştefan cel Mare in Romanian) in 1499. Its name is derived from the Slavic word for magpie.
The original wooden fort, which defended a ford over the Dniester/Nistru, was an important link in the chain of fortifications which comprised four forts (e.g. Akkerman and Khotin) on the Dniester, two forts on the Danube and three forts on the north border of medieval Moldova. Between 1543 and 1546 under the rule of Petru Rareş, the fortress was rebuilt in stone as a perfect circle with five bastions situated at equal distances.
During the Great Turkish War, John Sobieski's forces successfully defended the fortress against the Ottomans. It was of vital military importance during the Pruth Campaign of Peter the Great in 1711. The stronghold was sacked by the Russians in the Russo-Turkish War (1735–1739). The Soroca fortress is an important attraction in Soroca, having preserved cultures and kept the old Soroca in the present day.
The locality was greatly extended in the 19th century, during a period of relative prosperity. Soroca became a regional center featuring large squares, modernized streets, hospitals, grammar schools and conventionalized churches. In the Soviet period the town became an important industrial center for northern Moldova.
Demographics
Population: 28,362 (2004); 42,225 (1989); 31,831 (1979), 15,351 (1897)
The town has a sizable Romani (Gypsy) minority and is popularly known as the "Romani capital of Moldova."
Media
- Observatorul de Nord is a newspaper from Soroca, founded in 1998.
People from Soroca
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- Samuel Bronfman (1889–1971), a Canadian entrepreneur, former owner of Seagram
- Gheorghe Ursu (1926–1985), a Romanian construction engineer
- Eugen Ţapu, (1983–2009), a protestor in the post-election riots in Chişinău who died while in police custody
- Arkadiy (Avrum) Gendler (1921), Yiddish singer
- Robert Steinberg (), a Canadian mathematician
- Israel Gohberg, Israeli mathematician
- Leonte Tismăneanu (), a Romanian communist activist
- Kira Muratova (), a Soviet and Ukrainian film director, screenwriter and actress
- Nicolae Soltuz, a member of Sfatul Ţării
- Constantin Stere (), born near here
- Alexandru Cimbriciuc
- Victor Său
- Other related person
- Alexandru Averescu
- Ştefan Foriş
- Petru Rareş
Gallery
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Soroca Fort
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Soroca Fort
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Rudi Monastery
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Mihai Eminescu
See also
- Romanian architecture
- Bessarabian Jews
- Roma in Romania
- Armenians in Moldova
- ^ http://www.tur.md/eng/city/18/
- ^ http://www.citypopulation.de/Moldova.html
- ^ http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_lan_97_uezd_eng.php?reg=82
- ^ Steve Kokker, Cathryn Kemp (2004) "Romania and Moldova" (a travel guide), ISBN 174104149X p.322
- ^ Radio Free Europe, „Nici tu ploaie ca lumea, nici tu limpezirea apelor în domeniul politicii”
- ^ Reporter european
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