Khoy
Khoy
| Khoy خوی |
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 Khoy
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| Coordinates: 38°33′9″N 44°56′52″E / 38.5525°N 44.94778°E | |
| Country |  Iran |
| Province | West Azarbaijan Province |
| County | Khoy County |
| Elevation | 1,148 m (3,769 ft) |
| Population | |
| - Total | 489,405 |
| Time zone | IRST (UTC+3:30) |
| - Summer (DST) | IRST (UTC+4:30) |
| Area code(s) | 0461 |
| Website | http://www.khoycity.ir/ |
Khoy (Persian: خوی, Azerbaijani: خوی, Armenian: Խոյ (sometimes spelt Khoi, Khuy, and Khvoy), is a city in West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. It is located north of the province's capital and largest city Urmia, and 807 km north-west to Tehran. The region's economy is based around agriculture, particularly the production of fruit, grain, and timber. Khoy is nicknamed as the Sunflower city of Iran. As of 2006 census, the city had a population of 178,708, with an estimated 2008 population of 484,409. Azerbaycan Türkçesi is spoken in Khoy, while nearly all inhabitants can also converse in Persian. The main religion is Shia Islam.
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Architecture
Khoy was fortified at various times in its history, most recently by the Qajar dynasty in the Nineteenth Century. It is well known for the tomb of Shams Tabrizi, renowned Iranian poet and mystic.
History
Khoy was located on the Silk Road. It has been the capital of the Emirate of Khoy (Her), born out of the Armenian Vaspurakan Kingdom between 908 and 1021. Between 1208 and 1210 it was occupied by the forces of Tamar of Georgia.
On 15 July 1478 (14 Rabi' II 883), in the Battle of Khoy, Sultan Khalil (Khalil Mirza) was killed and his forces dispersed by generals Bayandur and Sulayman Beg leading the confederated forces of Yaqub ibn Uzun Hasan Ak Koyunlu, who then took the Ak Koyunlu throne.
Khoy again came under Turkic rule during the Seljuq period. After the death of Turkish Emperor Nadir Shah Afshar in 1747, Khoy broke away from central government of Iran like several other states, including Afghanistan and some of northern Caucasian Khanates , and become the Khanate of Khoy (1747–1813) which was loyal to center only when it was powerful (like Karim Khan) and autonomous when the central role was weak . The returning of Khoy to central government of Iran was during the beginning of Qajar period . Until 1828 Khoy had a big number of Armenians. In 1828 some of them immigrated to the Eastern Armenia (Russian Empire). During World War I Turks killed much of the Armenians in Khoy. Nowadays there is a small Armenian population living here. Khoy was attacked by Russia in 1827. In 1911 it was occupied by Ottoman troops, followed in World War I by Russian troops, who withdrew in 1917. In World War II it was again occupied by Soviet troops, who remained until 1946.
Famous places
- Tomb of Shams Tabrizi, Shams Tabrizi Tower
- Bastam and Bolourabad historical castles
- Khatoon [old] bridge
- Old stone gate of the city
- Old bazaar of Khoy
- Motallebkhan Mosque
- َAvrin Mountain
- Ghotour Iron Bridge
- S.t. Sourp Serkis Church
- Pouryaieh Valli Tomb
Famous people
- Grand Ayatollah Abul-Qassim Khoei
- Mohammad-Amin Riahi
- Abbas Zaryab Khoi
- Gholamreza Aghazadeh
- Behrouz Vossoughi
- ^ "Khoy, Iran Page". http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IR/2/Khvoy.html. Retrieved 2008-07-07.
- ^ van Donzel, E. J. (compiler) (1994) "Khoi" Islamic Desk Reference E.J. Brill, Leiden, p. 208 ISBN 90-04-09738-4
- ^ "Khvoy, Iran" Falling Rain Genomics, Inc.
- ^ "All things and news about Khoy," All things and news about Khoy .
- ^ "Khvoy," World Gazetteer.
- ^ Cook, Bernard A. (2006) Women and War: A Historical Encyclopedia From Antiquity to the Present ABC-CLIO, Santa Barbara, Calif., p. 579, ISBN 1-85109-770-8
- ^ Woods, John E. (1999) The Aqquyunlu: Clan, Confederation, Empire University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City, p. 128, ISBN 0-87480-565-1
Coordinates: 38°33′09″N 44°56′52″E / 38.5525°N 44.94778°E
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West Azerbaijan Province