Tiruvarur
Tiruvarur
| Tiruvarur (திருவாரூர்) | |
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| Coordinates | 10°46′N 79°39′E / 10.77°N 79.65°ECoordinates: 10°46′N 79°39′E / 10.77°N 79.65°E |
| Country | India |
| State | Tamil Nadu |
| District(s) | Tiruvarur |
| Municipal Chairperson | K. Thennan |
| Population | 56,280 (2001[update]) |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+05:30) |
| Area |
• 3 metres (9.8 ft) |
Tiruvarur (Tamil: திருவாரூர் (tiruvārūr) (also spelt as Thiruvarur) is a town and a municipality in Tiruvarur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Tiruvarur is the administrative headquarters of Tiruvarur district. Tiruvarur is one of the oldest towns which has been popular as cultural head quarters for many centuries. This ancient town in Chola heartland is famous for its Sri Tyagaraja temple, as well as the annual chariot festival held in the month of April. Tiruvarur also happens to be the birth place of Tyagaraja, Muthuswami Dikshitar and Syama Sastri, popularly known as the Trinity of Carnatic music.
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History
The actual history of Thiruvarur Periya Kovil (Thiyarajar Temple) goes back more than 30th Century BC. The chola kings just renovated the Thiyarajar temple and built few extra shrines inside the temples. The known foremost devotee Tirunavukkarasar on 7th Century CE itself has said in his pasurams that the real existence of this cultural heritage is unknown and the temple is in existence for many centuries.
According to history, the central temple in Tiruvarur was installed by Muchukanta Chola. Tiruvarur is also associated with another legendary king, Manuneedhi Cholan.
Tiruvarur is mentioned in the works of Thirugnana Sambanthar and Tirunavukkarasar, the foremost Saivite saints of 7th century CE. Tirunavukkarasar mentions several Tiruvarur temple traditions, such as Marghazhi Aathirai Vizha, Panguni Uttirai Perunaal and Veedhivitakanin Veedhi Panni. The granite structure of the Tyagarajaswami temple was first constructed by Aditya Chola I in 9th century and revamped during the reign of Rajaraja Chola I. The temple was upgraded and rebuilt with stone by Rajendra Chola I. The royal patronage continued and the town flourished as a cultural centre during the rule of the Nayaks, Vijayanagar kings and Marathas. This temple is one of the biggest in the country and this has the biggest temple chariot in the world. The Arulmigu Thyagarajaswamy Chariot festival (offen stated as Tiruvarur Chariot festival) celebrated here in months of March -April attracts large crowds. Tiruvarur chariot is very famous one and it is called as 'Aalither' in Tamil meaning chariot like ocean.
The former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, Dr. M.Karunanidhi, was born in the village of Thirukuvalai at Nagapattinam district, near Tiruvarur, and spent his childhood here.Thiruvarur Bakthavathsalam a notable mrindangam maestro was born in thiruvarur district as it can be noticed in his name. Tiruvaur was part of the Thanjavur District until 1991 and Nagapattinam District until 1997. Tiruvarur was made the headquarters of Tiruvarur District when it was carved out of Nagapattinam in 1997. Thiruvarur chariot festival 2008 was celebrated very grandly. The people came from all the surrounding areas.
The Tiruvarur temple
The ancient Sri Thyagaraja temple at Tiruvarur is dedicated to the Somaskanda aspect of Shiva. The temple complex has shrines dedicated to Vanmikanathar, Tyagarajar and the Kamalaamba, and covers an area of over 20 acres (81,000 m2). The Kamalalayam temple tank covers around 25 acres (100,000 m2), is one of the largest in the country. The temple chariot is the largest of its kind in Tamil Nadu.
The annual chariot festival is celebrated in the month of Chitrai (April/May). Every year after the chariot festival, the Theppam festival is celebrated. The temple Kumbabishekam is performed every twelve years, most recently in 2001.
In this temple there is an excellent and unique musical instrument called "Panchamuga Vadyam" with five faces. Each face is ornamented; one with a snake, another with lotus and another one is plain without decorations. One has a Swastik sign. Over each face leather is spread and over the central one Deerskin is spread. It is said that Nanchi Devi played on this instrument when Lord Shiva danced.
Geography
Tiruvarur is located to the east of Tamil Nadu, roughly halfway between the northern and southern borders. It has an average elevation of 3 metres (9 ft). Tiruvarur is situated at a distance of 24 km from Nagapattinam, 29 km from Nagore, 40 km from Karaikal, 40 km from Mayiladuthurai, 40 km from Kumbakonam, 56 km from Thanjavur, 27 km from Mannargudi and 28 km from Thiruthuraipoondi.
Economy
Tiruvarur lies in the Kaveri River basin and the main occupation of the inhabitants of Tiruvarur and surrounding areas is agriculture.
As of the 2001 India census, Tiruvarur had a population of 56,280. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Tiruvarur has an average literacy rate of 81%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 85%, and female literacy is 76%. 10% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Infrastructure
Roadways
Tiruvarur is well-connected with Chennai, Coimbatore, Tiruchirapalli, Nagapattinam and other towns. National Highway of India (NH67) passes through Tiruvarur.
| Class | Length (km) |
|---|---|
| National Highways/Expressways | 45.000 |
| State Highways | 196.440 |
| Corporation and Municipalities Road | 224.358 |
| Panchayat Union and Panchayat Road | 3984.000 |
| Town Panchayat and Townships Road | 229.219 |
| Others (Forest Roads) | Nil |
| Total (approx) | 4679.017 |
Railways
There are passenger Trains to Trichy and Thanjavur and one express train to Ernakulam via Coimbatore in evening and reaches there late night,another one Express to Chennai Egmore. Local people have requested to change it to convenient timings. New Trains to Bangalore and Coimbatore are also under consideration. This district has 22 Railway Stations.
Gauge conversion is in progress between Mayiladuthurai and Tiruvarur and expected to be complete by end of 2011. Gauge conversion between Tiruvarur and Tiruthuraipoondi will be taken up next.
| Railway | Route Length (km.) | Track Length (km.) |
|---|---|---|
| Broad Gauge | 30.0 | 40.0 |
| Meter Gauge | 79.50 | 74.2 |
Airways
Nearest Airport is Tiruchirapalli Airport which is about 110 km.
Education
A Government medical college and health care centre is coming up in Tiruvarur shortly. The State Government is setting this up at a cost of Rs 100 crore. The Local Administration Minister, M.K. Stalin, laid the foundation stone on 6 August 2007.
Colleges in and around Tiruvarur are as follows:
- University
- Central University of Tamil Nadu, Tiruvarur (Federal Govt. of India)
- Medical Colleges and Institutions
- Tiruvarur Medical College of Tamil Nadu, Vilamal, Tiruvarur
- TMC Paramedical College, Madappuram, Tiruvarur
- DK Paramedical College, Tiruvarur.
- Bharath Paramedical College, Tiruvarur.
- Engineering Colleges
- Anna University Thirukkuvalai Campus
- Anjalai Ammal Mahalingam Engineering College, Kovilvenni, Tiruvarur Dist.,
- A.R.J College of Engineering and Technology, Mannargudi, Tiruvarur Dist.,
- Arts and Science
- Thiru-Vi-Ka Govt. Arts College, Thiruvarur
- Nethaji Subash Chendra Bose College, Thiruvarur
- Rabiammal Ahamed Maideen College for Women, Thiruvarur
- Sulthana Adbullah Rowther College for Women, Thiruvarur
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- Govt. Cooperative College, Pallivasal Street, Thiruvarur
- T.T. Narasimhan - Swami Dayananda College of Arts and Science, Thiruvarur Dist.
- Teacher Training Institution
- Sri Thiyagaraja Institute of Teacher Education, Kattur,Thiruvarur
- Catering Colleges
- Bharath Catering College, Tiruvarur.
- Royal Catering College, Tiruvarur.
- Selvies Catering College, Tiruvarur
- Polytechnic Colleges
Arooran polytechnic college
- Institute of People Education
- Computer Education
- APTECH Computer Education(TN), 19, MGR Nagar, Mannargudi
- APTECH Computer Education(TN), Panagal Road, Tiruvarur
- APTECH Computer Education(TN), Sengamala Street, Thiruthraipoondi
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- Balaji ITI Peralam
- Extension Office Mannargudi
- Rally - Disaster Awareness
- ITI Institutions
- Tamil Nadu ITI, Tiruvarur.
- Rethna ITI, Tiruvarur.
- Schools
- Manolayam Special School for Mentally retarded Persons, Marakkadai, Lakshmangudi
- V.S.Boys Higher Secondary School, Tiruvarur-2 (The school taught famous personalities like Kalaignar M.Karunanidhi, Murasoli Maaran)
- Shri G.R.M Girls higher Secondary School, Tiruvarur-2.
- Veludaiyar Higher Secondary School, Tiruvarur.
- Government Higher Secondary school, Kodikkal Palayam, Tiruvarur-2.
- Kasthuriba Gandhi Marticulation Higher Sec. School, Vilamal, Tiruvarur-3.
- R.C. Fathima Matriculation School, Kodikkal Palayam, Thiruvarur-2.
- Moses Matriculation School, Azad Rd., Tiruvarur-1.
- Trinity School (CBSE), Byepass West, KTR Nagar, Tiruvarur-1.
- Genius Primary and Secondary (CBSE) School, Vilamal, Tiruvarur-1.
- Vengateshwara English School, Tiruvarur-1.
- Government Higher Secondary School, Pulivalam, Tiruvarur-109.
- Government Higher Secondary School, Adiyakkamangalam, Tiruvarur.
- Al Kadiriya School, Adiyakkamangalam, Tiruvarur.
- JMM School, Adiyakkamangalam, Tiruvarur.
- SBA Matriculation School, Mannargudi.
- St Josephs Matriculation School, Mannargudi
Gallery
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The Great Thiruvarur Chariot.
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Thiruvarur Temple Kodimaram
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Thiruvarur Kamalalayam on a Rainy Day[Tank]
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Inside Temple
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Vinayagar In Kodimaram
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Rajagopuram
Top Officials
- DIG of Police..Mr Abhay Kumar Singh IPS.
- District Collector. Mr.Baskaran IAS
- District Superintendent of Police Mr. Praveen Kumar Abhinapu IPS
Politics
Tiruvarur assembly constituency is part of Nagapattinam (Lok Sabha constituency).
- ^ The Hindu dated 29 October 2006
- ^ a b c Aravind & Soumya Sitaraman. "Timeless Thiruvarur". http://www.whatisindia.com/opinion/2005/10/wis20051014_thiruvarur_composite.html. Retrieved 2006-11-11.
- ^ "History of Tiruvarur". http://www.indiantemples.com/Tamilnadu/Tiruvarur/tiruvarurhist.html. Retrieved 2006-11-11.
- ^ "Tiruvarur Temple Layout". http://www.indiantemples.com/Tamilnadu/Tiruvarur/tiruvarurlayout.html. Retrieved 2006-11-11.
- ^ "Thiruvarur at Tamil Nadu tourism website". http://www.tamilnadutourism.org/places/citiestowns/Thiruvarur.aspx?CatId=C1&SubCat1Id=C1S1&SubCat2Id=C1S1S19. Retrieved 2006-11-11.
- ^ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. http://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
- ^ "Train trip down memory lane". The Hindu (Chennai, India). 2010-07-15. http://www.hindu.com/2010/07/15/stories/2010071550590200.htm.
- ^ "Medical college proposal, a boon to Tiruvarur". The Hindu (Chennai, India). 2007-08-08. http://www.hindu.com/2007/08/08/stories/2007080850910200.htm.
- ^ "Students' hostel inaugurated". The Hindu (Chennai, India). 2008-02-26. http://www.hindu.com/2008/02/26/stories/2008022657480300.htm.
- ^ "List of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies" (PDF). Tamil Nadu. Election Commission of India. http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S22/TN_ACPC.pdf. Retrieved 2008-10-12.
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